Hacking: Sted by Step

Q. What is hacking?

Ans. Hacking is the art of breaking into computers to gain knowledge that our society has hidden from us.
Hacking is illegal and the government spend lots of money each year to have hackers arrested.....when they
should be spending the money on more important issues


Q. What is a shadowed password?

A. A shadowed password is a cover for the real password file.
It shows that the real password is hidden somewhere else.


Q. How do I crack shadowed passwords?

Ans. Cracking a shadowed password file is impossible.
Assuming that you got the password file via anonymous ftp.
You should try connecting to port 25 and doing the sendmail bug.


Q. What is the difference between an encrypted password and a shadowed password?

Ans. An encrypted password is just the real password scrambled and changed.
It can be cracked with a password cracked and a word file.
A shadowed password hides the encrypted password somewhere else other than the etc. dir.

Q. Where is the password file located?

Ans. The password file is located in the etc/passwd dir.
You can get into the etc dir by logging on to the domain via anonymous ftp. 

Q. What is an exploit?

A. An exploit is something that exploits unix or another kind of OS.
You usually use exploits to gain root or high access to a system. They can prove to be very handy

Q. What are some basic telnet commands?

A. Below is a list of common telnet commands.


Command ------- Function
access---------Telnet account
c---------------Connect to a host
Cont-------Continue
D------Disconnect
full--------Network echo




Q. What is DNIC?

Ans. A DNIS says which network connect to the telnet you are using

Q. What is NUA?

Ans. The NUA is the address of the computer on telnet.

Q. What is a VAX/VMS?

Ans. A vax/vms is Digital Equipment's major computer line. It's proprietary operating system is known as vms.

Q. What is telnet?

A. Telnet is a program which lets you log in to other computers on the net.

Q. What is an anonymous remailer?

A. An anonymous remailer is a system on the Internet that allows you to send e-mail
anonymously or post messages to Usenet anonymously. You apply for an anonymous ID at the remailer site.
Then, when you send a message to the remailer, it sends it out from your anonymous ID at the remailer.
No one reading the post will know your real account name or host name. If someone sends a message to your
anonymous ID, it will be forwarded to your real account by the remailer.

Q. What is tcp/ip?

A. Tcp/ip is the system networks use to communicate with each other.
It stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.


Q. What is a virus?

A. A Virus is a program which reproduces itself. It may attach itself to other programs,
it may create copies of itself. It may damage or corrupt data, change data,
or degrade the performance of your system by utilizing resources such as memory or disk space.
Some Viruse scanners detect some Viruses. No Virus scanners detect all Viruses.
Virus scanners will work for a while but people are always creating virii that will beat them.

Q. What is a trojan?

A. A trojan is a program which does an unauthorized function, hidden inside an authorized program.
It does something other than it claims to do, usually something malicious, and it is intended by the
author to do whatever it does. If it is not intentional, it is called a bug.

Q. What is a worm?

Ans. Worms are programsthat copy themselves over and over using up space and slowing down the system.
They are self contained and use the networks to spread, in much the same way that Viruses use files to spread.
Some people say the solution to Viruses and worms is to just not have any files or networks.

Q. What do I need to become a hacker?

A. You should start off with a good scanner, some dialups, a telnet client, and some knowladge of hacking.
Those are the basic things that you will need. If you are serious about hacking then you should get Unix,
or Linux(smaller, free version of unix).

Q. What are the domain codes?

A. Below is the current list of domain codes.

AD - Andorra
AE - United Arab Emirates
AF - Afghanistan
AG - Antigua and Barbuda
AI - Anguilla
AL - Albania
AM- Armenia
AN - Netherland Antilles
AO - Angola
AQ - Antarctica
AR - Argentina
AS - American Samoa
AT - Austria
AU - Australia
AW- Aruba
AZ - Azerbaidjan
BA - Bosnia-Herzegovina
BB - Barbados
BD - Banglades
BE - Belgium
BF - Burkina Faso
BG - Bulgaria
BH - Bahrain
BI - Burundi
BJ - Benin
BM- Bermuda
BN - Brunei Darussalam
BO - Bolivia
BR - Brazil
BS - Bahamas
BT - Buthan
BV - Bouvet Island
BW- Botswana
BY - Belarus
BZ - Belize
CA- Canada
CC - Cocos (Keeling) Islands
CF - Central African Republic
CG - Congo
CH - Switzerland
CI - Ivory Coast
CK - Cook Islands
CL - Chile
CM - Cameroon
CN - China
CO -Colombia
CR -Costa Rica
CS - Czechoslovakia
CU - Cuba
CV - Cape Verde
CX - Christmas Island
CY - Cyprus
CZ - Czech Republic
DE - Germany
DJ -Djibouti
DK - Denmark
DM -Dominica
DO - Dominican Republic
DZ - Algeria
EC - Ecuador
EE -Estonia
EG - Egypt
EH - Western Sahara
ES - Spain
ET - Ethiopia
FI - Finland
FJ - Fiji
FK - Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
FM - Micronesia
FO - Faroe Islands
FR - France
FX - France (European Territory)
GA - Gabon
GB - Great Britain (UK)
GD - Grenada
GE - Georgia
GH - Ghana
GI -Gibraltar
GL - Greenland
GP - Guadeloupe (French)
GQ - Equatorial Guinea
GF - Guyana (French)
GM - Gambia
GN - Guinea
GR - Greece
GT - Guatemala
GU - Guam (US)
GW - Guinea Bissau
GY - Guyana
HK - Hong Kong
HM - Heard and McDonald Islands
HN - Honduras
HR - Croatia
HT - Haiti
HU - Hungary
ID - Indonesia
IE - Ireland
IL - Israel
IN- India
IO - British Indian Ocean Territory
IQ - Iraq
IR - Iran
IS - Iceland
IT - Italy
JM - Jamaica
JO - Jordan
JP - Japan
KE - Kenya
KG- Kirgistan
KH - Cambodia
KI - Kiribati
KM - Comoros
KN - Saint Kitts Nevis Anguilla
KP - North Korea
KR - South Korea
KW- Kuwait
KY - Cayman Islands
KZ - Kazachstan
LA - Laos
LB- Lebanon
LC - Saint Lucia
LI - Liechtenstein
LK - Sri Lanka
LR - Liberia
LS - Lesotho
LT - Lithuania
LU -- Luxembourg
LV - Latvia
LY - Libya
MA - Morocco
MC - Monaco
MD - Moldavia
MG - Madagascar
MH - Marshall Islands
ML - Mali
MM - Myanmar
MN - Mongolia
MO - Macau
MP -- Northern Mariana Islands
MQ - Martinique (French)
MR - Mauritania
MS - Montserrat
MT - Malta
MU - Mauritius
MV - Maldives
MW - Malawi
MX- Mexico
MY - Malaysia
MZ - Mozambique
NA - Namibia
NC- New Caledonia (French)
NE - Niger
NF - Norfolk Island
NG - Nigeria
NI - Nicaragua
NL - Netherlands
NO - Norway
NP - Nepal
NR - Nauru
NT - Neutral Zone
NU - Niue
NZ - New Zealand
OM - Oman
PA - Panama
PE - Peru
PF - Polynesia (French)
PG - Papua New

     ENJOY